Contrast linkers although, even though, despite, in spite of, however, nevertheless and whereas, and the grammar that follows each
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- 1Multiple choice
it was raining, we went for a walk.
AlthoughDespiteHoweverIn spite ofAlthough is followed by a clause (subject + verb). Despite and in spite of need a noun or -ing form. - 2Multiple choice
the rain, we went for a walk.
DespiteAlthoughHoweverEven thoughDespite + noun: despite the rain. Although and even though need a clause. - 3Multiple choice
The flat is small and noisy. , it's in a great location.
HoweverAlthoughDespiteWhereasHowever links two separate sentences and is followed by a comma. Although, despite and whereas join parts of one sentence. - 4Multiple choice
My sister loves big cities, I prefer the countryside.
whereasdespitehoweverin spite ofWhereas compares two different facts inside one sentence. However should start a new sentence. - 5Fill the gap
In spite feeling ill, she went to work.
Answer: ofThe full phrase is in spite of: in spite of feeling ill. Despite has no of. - 6Fill the gap
She got the job despite (not / have) much experience.
Answer: not havingDespite + -ing form; the negative is not + -ing: despite not having. - 7Fill the gap
he trained hard, he didn't win the race.
Answer: AlthoughAlso accepted: Even though, ThoughAlthough, even though or though + clause. Even though makes the contrast stronger. - 8Fill the gap
Despite the fact the tickets were expensive, the concert sold out in an hour.
Answer: thatTo use despite with a clause, add the fact that: despite the fact that the tickets were expensive. - 9Fill the gap
The plan was risky. , the board decided to go ahead.
Answer: HoweverAlso accepted: Nevertheless, Nonetheless, Even soHowever, nevertheless, nonetheless and even so start a new sentence and introduce a contrast. - 10True / false
This sentence is correct: 'Despite it was cold, we swam in the sea.'
Answer: FalseDespite can't be followed by a clause. Say 'Although it was cold…' or 'Despite the cold…'. - 11True / false
This sentence is correct: 'Even though she had studied all night, she failed the exam.'
Answer: TrueEven though + clause correctly introduces a surprising contrast. - 12Discussion question
Describe a decision you made even though other people disagreed with it. Use at least three different contrast linkers.
Sample answer: Although my parents wanted me to study law, I chose design. Despite their worries, I've never regretted it. The pay isn't great at first. However, I love what I do, whereas most of my friends who studied law are bored.