Participle clauses

Present, past and perfect participle clauses replacing relative, time and reason clauses

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1. 1
   选择题

   the instructions carefully, she started the experiment.

   Having readHaving readingReadReading ofA perfect participle ('Having + past participle') shows an action completed before the main action.
2. 2
   选择题

   The man by the window is my uncle.

   standingstandstoodis standingThe present participle 'standing' replaces 'who is standing', describing the man at the time of speaking.
3. 3
   选择题

   in a small village, she had never seen the sea before moving to the city.

   Having grown upGrown upGrowingHaving grow up'Having grown up' (perfect participle) explains the reason for a past situation before the main clause.
4. 4
   选择题

   Which sentence correctly uses a participle clause?

   Not knowing what to say, she stayed silent.Not know what to say, she stayed silent.Not knowing what to say, she stays silence.Don't knowing what to say, she stayed silent.A negative participle clause is formed with 'not' + the -ing form: 'Not knowing...'.
5. 5
   填空

   (exhaust) after the long flight, he went straight to bed.

   答案: ExhaustedThe past participle 'Exhausted' describes the subject's state, replacing 'As he was exhausted'.
6. 6
   填空

   (not want) to wake the baby, she closed the door quietly.

   答案: Not wantingNegative -ing participle clauses begin with 'Not' + the -ing form.
7. 7
   填空

   The letter, (write) in French, was difficult to understand.

   答案: writtenThe past participle 'written' forms a reduced passive relative clause: 'which was written'.
8. 8
   填空

   (finish) her homework, she went out to meet her friends.

   答案: Having finished'Having finished' is a perfect participle showing one action completed before another.
9. 9
   填空

   The passengers (wait) for the delayed train grew increasingly impatient.

   答案: waitingThe present participle 'waiting' replaces 'who were waiting', describing an ongoing action.
10. 10
    判断对错

    This sentence is correct: 'Having lost her keys, she couldn't get into the flat.'

    答案: 正确A perfect participle clause correctly shows that losing the keys happened before she couldn't get in.
11. 11
    判断对错

    This sentence is correct: 'Walking home, it started to rain.'

    答案: 错误The subject of a participle clause must match the main clause's subject; here 'it' didn't walk home.
12. 12
    讨论题

    Describe your morning routine using at least two participle clauses (for example, 'Having woken up...', 'Feeling tired...').

    参考答案: Having woken up at seven, I checked my phone for messages. Feeling a bit sleepy, I made myself a strong coffee before getting ready for work.