Modal verbs: fine distinctions (C2) — упражнения по английскому с ответами

Subtle modal meanings: needn't have vs didn't need to, could vs was able to, will for assumptions, would for typical behaviour, may well, might as well, dare

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1
Выбор ответа
I have taken a taxi — the station was only five minutes' walk away. What a waste of money!
needn'tmustn'tcouldn'twouldn't'Needn't have + past participle' means you did something that turned out to be unnecessary.
2
Выбор ответа
After hours of searching in the fog, the rescue team reach the injured climber.
were able tocouldmightwouldFor a single successful achievement in the past we use 'was/were able to' or 'managed to', not 'could'.
3
Выбор ответа
There's someone at the door. — That be the plumber; he said he'd come around ten.
willshalloughtdare'Will' can express a confident assumption about the present: 'That'll be the plumber.'
4
Выбор ответа
'He insists the new rules are fair.' — 'Well, he say that, wouldn't he? He wrote them.'
wouldshouldwill havemight haveStressed 'would' comments on behaviour that is typical or predictable for a person.
5
Пропуск
The parcel was posted on Monday, so it arrive by Thursday at the latest.
Ответ: shouldТакже засчитывается: ought to, will'Should / ought to' express a reasonable expectation based on what we know.
6
Пропуск
We well see snow this weekend — the forecast isn't certain, but it's quite likely.
Ответ: mayТакже засчитывается: might, could'May / might / could well' means that something is fairly likely.
7
Пропуск
You as well apologise now — she'll find out sooner or later anyway.
Ответ: mightТакже засчитывается: may'Might / may as well' suggests that something is the sensible option because there is no better alternative.
8
Пропуск
How you read my private messages!
Ответ: dare'How dare you...!' expresses outrage at someone's behaviour.
9
Пропуск
I rather you didn't smoke in the car, if you don't mind.
Ответ: would'Would rather + somebody + past simple' politely expresses a preference about another person's actions.
10
Верно / неверно
'You mustn't bring food' and 'You don't have to bring food' mean the same.
Ответ: Неверно'Mustn't' means it is forbidden; 'don't have to' means it is not necessary, but allowed.
11
Верно / неверно
'She needn't have cooked' implies that she did, in fact, cook.
Ответ: Верно'Needn't have done' refers to an action that happened but was unnecessary; 'didn't need to cook' doesn't tell us whether she did.
12
Вопрос для разговора
Explain the difference in meaning between 'He could have warned us' and 'He should have warned us'. Then write a sentence of your own with each.
Пример ответа: 'Could have warned us' only says that warning us was possible, often with a hint of criticism; 'should have warned us' clearly says that it was his duty and he failed. My neighbour could have told me the road was closed, but I suppose he didn't know I was driving. The landlord should have told me about the damp before I signed the lease.

Subtle modal meanings: needn't have vs didn't need to, could vs was able to, will for assumptions, would for typical behaviour, may well, might as well, dare

1
Выбор ответа
I have taken a taxi — the station was only five minutes' walk away. What a waste of money!
needn'tmustn'tcouldn'twouldn't'Needn't have + past participle' means you did something that turned out to be unnecessary.
2
Выбор ответа
After hours of searching in the fog, the rescue team reach the injured climber.
were able tocouldmightwouldFor a single successful achievement in the past we use 'was/were able to' or 'managed to', not 'could'.
3
Выбор ответа
There's someone at the door. — That be the plumber; he said he'd come around ten.
willshalloughtdare'Will' can express a confident assumption about the present: 'That'll be the plumber.'
4
Выбор ответа
'He insists the new rules are fair.' — 'Well, he say that, wouldn't he? He wrote them.'
wouldshouldwill havemight haveStressed 'would' comments on behaviour that is typical or predictable for a person.
5
Пропуск
The parcel was posted on Monday, so it arrive by Thursday at the latest.
Ответ: shouldТакже засчитывается: ought to, will'Should / ought to' express a reasonable expectation based on what we know.
6
Пропуск
We well see snow this weekend — the forecast isn't certain, but it's quite likely.
Ответ: mayТакже засчитывается: might, could'May / might / could well' means that something is fairly likely.
7
Пропуск
You as well apologise now — she'll find out sooner or later anyway.
Ответ: mightТакже засчитывается: may'Might / may as well' suggests that something is the sensible option because there is no better alternative.
8
Пропуск
How you read my private messages!
Ответ: dare'How dare you...!' expresses outrage at someone's behaviour.
9
Пропуск
I rather you didn't smoke in the car, if you don't mind.
Ответ: would'Would rather + somebody + past simple' politely expresses a preference about another person's actions.
10
Верно / неверно
'You mustn't bring food' and 'You don't have to bring food' mean the same.
Ответ: Неверно'Mustn't' means it is forbidden; 'don't have to' means it is not necessary, but allowed.
11
Верно / неверно
'She needn't have cooked' implies that she did, in fact, cook.
Ответ: Верно'Needn't have done' refers to an action that happened but was unnecessary; 'didn't need to cook' doesn't tell us whether she did.
12
Вопрос для разговора
Explain the difference in meaning between 'He could have warned us' and 'He should have warned us'. Then write a sentence of your own with each.
Пример ответа: 'Could have warned us' only says that warning us was possible, often with a hint of criticism; 'should have warned us' clearly says that it was his duty and he failed. My neighbour could have told me the road was closed, but I suppose he didn't know I was driving. The landlord should have told me about the damp before I signed the lease.